Exif file format

YResolution
unsigned rational
1

0x0128
ResolutionUnit
unsigned short
1
Unit of XResolution(0x011a)/YResolution(0x011b). '1' means no-unit, '2' means inch, '3' means centimeter. Default value is '2'(inch).

0x0131
Software
ascii string

Shows firmware(internal software of digicam) version number.

0x0132
DateTime
ascii string
20
Date/Time of image was last modified. Data format is "YYYY:MM:DD HH:MM:SS" 0x00, total 20bytes. If clock has not set or digicam doesn't have clock, the field may be filled with spaces. In usual, it has the same value of DateTimeOriginal(0x9003)

0x013e
WhitePoint
unsigned rational
2
Defines chromaticity of white point of the image. If the image uses CIE Standard Illumination D65(known as international standard of 'daylight'), the values are '3127/10000,3290/10000'.

0x013f
PrimaryChromaticities
unsigned rational
6
Defines chromaticity of the primaries of the image. If the image uses CCIR Recommendation 709 primaries, values are '640/1000,330/1000,300/1000,600/1000,150/1000,0/1000'.

0x0211
YCbCrCoefficients
unsigned rational
3
When image format is YCbCr, this value shows a constant to translate it to RGB format. In usual, values are '0.299/0.587/0.114'.

0x0213
YCbCrPositioning
unsigned short
1
When image format is YCbCr and uses 'Subsampling'(cropping of chroma data, all the digicam do that), defines the chroma sample point of subsampling pixel array. '1' means the center of pixel array, '2' means the datum point.

0x0214
ReferenceBlackWhite
unsigned rational
6
Shows reference value of black point/white point. In case of YCbCr format, first 2 show black/white of Y, next 2 are Cb, last 2 are Cr. In case of RGB format, first 2 show black/white of R, next 2 are G, last 2 are B.

0x8298
Copyright
ascii string

Shows copyright information

0x8769
ExifOffset
unsigned long
1
Offset to Exif Sub IFD

Tags used by Exif SubIFD

Tag No.
Tag Name
Format
CompoNo
Desc.

0x829a
ExposureTime
unsigned rational
1
Exposure time (reciprocal of shutter speed). Unit is second.

0x829d
FNumber
unsigned rational
1
The actual F-number(F-stop) of lens when the image was taken.

0x8822
ExposureProgram
unsigned short
1
Exposure program that the camera used when image was taken. '1' means manual control, '2' program normal, '3' aperture priority, '4' shutter priority, '5' program creative (slow program), '6' program action(high-speed program), '7' portrait mode, '8' landscape mode.

0x8827
ISOSpeedRatings
unsigned short
2
CCD sensitivity equivalent to Ag-Hr film speedrate.

0x9000
ExifVersion
undefined
4
Exif version number. Stored as 4bytes of ASCII character. If the picture is based on Exif V2.1, value is "0210". Since the type is 'undefined', there is no NULL(0x00) for termination.

0x9003
DateTimeOriginal
ascii string
20
Date/Time of original image taken. This value should not be modified by user program. Data format is "YYYY:MM:DD HH:MM:SS" 0x00, total 20bytes. If clock has not set or digicam doesn't have clock, the field may be filled with spaces. In the Exif standard, this tag is optional, but it is mandatory for DCF.

0x9004
DateTimeDigitized
ascii string
20
Date/Time of image digitized. Usually, it contains the same value of DateTimeOriginal(0x9003). Data format is "YYYY:MM:DD HH:MM:SS" 0x00, total 20bytes. If clock has not set or digicam doesn't have clock, the field may be filled with spaces. In the Exif standard, this tag is optional, but it is mandatory for DCF.

0x9101
ComponentsConfiguration
undefined

Shows the order of pixel data. Most of case '0x04,0x05,0x06,0x00' is used for RGB-format and '0x01,0x02,0x03,0x00' for YCbCr-format. 0x00:does not exist, 0x01:Y, 0x02:Cb, 0x03:Cr, 0x04:Red, 0x05:Green, 0x06:Bllue.

0x9102
CompressedBitsPerPixel
unsigned rational
1
The average compression ratio of JPEG (rough estimate).

0x9201
ShutterSpeedValue
signed rational
1
Shutter speed by APEX value. To convert this value to ordinary 'Shutter Speed'; calculate this value's power of 2, then reciprocal. For example, if the ShutterSpeedValue is '4', shutter speed is 1/(24)=1/16 second.

0x9202
ApertureValue
unsigned rational
1
The actual aperture value of lens when the image was taken. Unit is APEX. To convert this value to ordinary F-number(F-stop), calculate this value's power of root 2 (=1.4142). For example, if the ApertureValue is '5', F-number is 1.41425 = F5.6.

0x9203
BrightnessValue
signed rational
1
Brightness of taken subject, unit is APEX. To calculate Exposure(Ev) from BrigtnessValue(Bv), you must add SensitivityValue(Sv).
Ev=Bv Sv   Sv=log2(ISOSpeedRating/3.125)
ISO100:Sv=5, ISO200:Sv=6, ISO400:Sv=7, ISO125:Sv=5.32.

0x9204
ExposureBiasValue
signed rational
1
Exposure bias(compensation) value of taking picture. Unit is APEX(EV).

0x9205
MaxApertureValue
unsigned rational
1
Maximum aperture value of lens. You can convert to F-number by calculating power of root 2 (same process of ApertureValue:0x9202).

0x9206
SubjectDistance
signed rational
1
Distance to focus point, unit is meter.

0x9207
MeteringMode
unsigned short
1
Exposure metering method. '0' means unknown, '1' average, '2' center weighted average, '3' spot, '4' multi-spot, '5' multi-segment, '6' partial, '255' other.

0x9208
LightSource
unsigned short
1
Light source, actually this means white balance setting. '0' means unknown, '1' daylight, '2' fluorescent, '3' tungsten, '10' flash, '17' standard light A, '18' standard light B, '19' standard light C, '20' D55, '21' D65, '22' D75, '255' other.

0x9209
Flash
unsigned short
1
'0' means flash did not fire, '1' flash fired, '5' flash fired but strobe return light not detected, '7' flash fired and strobe return light detected.

0x920a
FocalLength
unsigned rational
1
Focal length of lens used to take image. Unit is millimeter.

0x927c
MakerNote
undefined

Maker dependent internal data. Some of maker such as Olympus/Nikon/Sanyo etc. uses IFD format for this area.

0x9286
UserComment
undefined

Stores user comment. This tag allows to use two-byte character code or unicode. First 8 bytes describe the character code. 'JIS' is a Japanese character code (known as Kanji).
'0x41,0x53,0x43,0x49,0x49,0x00,0x00,0x00':ASCII
'0x4a,0x49,0x53,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00':JIS
'0x55,0x4e,0x49,0x43,0x4f,0x44,0x45,0x00':Unicode
'0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00':Undefined

0x9290
SubsecTime
ascii string

Some of digicam can take 2~30 pictures per second, but DateTime/DateTimeOriginal/DateTimeDigitized tag can't record the sub-second time. SubsecTime tag is used to record it.
For example, DateTimeOriginal = "1996:09:01 09:15:30", SubSecTimeOriginal = "130", Combined original time is "1996:09:01 09:15:30.130"

0x9291
SubsecTimeOriginal
ascii string


0x9292
SubsecTimeDigitized
ascii string


0xa000
FlashPixVersion
undefined
4
Stores FlashPix version. If the image data is based on FlashPix formar Ver.1.0, value is "0100". Since the type is 'undefined', there is no NULL(0x00) for termination.

0xa001
ColorSpace
unsigned short
1
Defines Color Space. DCF image must use sRGB color space so value is always '1'. If the picture uses the other color space, value is '65535':Uncalibrated.

0xa002
ExifImageWidth
unsigned short/long
1
Size of main image.

0xa003
ExifImageHeight
unsigned short/long
1

0xa004
RelatedSoundFile
ascii string

If this digicam can record audio data with image, shows name of audio data.

0xa005
ExifInteroperabilityOffset
unsigned long
1
Extension of "ExifR98", detail is unknown. This value is offset to IFD format data. Currently there are 2 directory entries, first one is Tag0x0001, value is "R98", next is Tag0x0002, value is "0100".

0xa20e
FocalPlaneXResolution
unsigned rational
1
Pixel density at CCD's position. If you have MegaPixel digicam and take a picture by lower resolution(e.g.VGA mode), this value is re-sampled by picture resolution. In such case, FocalPlaneResolution is not same as CCD's actual resolution.

0xa20f
FocalPlaneYResolution
unsigned rational
1

0xa210
FocalPlaneResolutionUnit
unsigned short
1
Unit of FocalPlaneXResoluton/FocalPlaneYResolution. '1' means no-unit, '2' inch, '3' centimeter.

Note:Some of Fujifilm's digicam(e.g.FX2700,FX2900,Finepix4700Z/40i etc) uses value '3' so it must be 'centimeter', but it seems that they use a '8.3mm?'(1/3in.?) to their ResolutionUnit. Fuji's BUG? Finepix4900Z has been changed to use value '2' but it doesn't match to actual value also.

0xa215
ExposureIndex
unsigned rational
1
Same as ISOSpeedRatings(0x8827) but data type is unsigned rational. Only Kodak's digicam uses this tag instead of ISOSpeedRating, I don't know why(historical reason?).

0xa217
SensingMethod
unsigned short
1
Shows type of image sensor unit. '2' means 1 chip color area sensor, most of all digicam use this type.

0xa300
FileSource
undefined
1
Indicates the image source. Value '0x03' means the image source is digital still camera.

0xa301
SceneType
undefined
1
Indicates the type of scene. Value '0x01' means that the image was directly photographed.

0xa302
CFAPattern
undefined

Indicates the Color filter array(CFA) geometric pattern.

Length
Type
Meaning

2
short
Horizontal repeat pixel unit = n

2
short
Vertical repeat pixel unit = m

1
byte
CFA value[0,0]

:
:
:

1
byte
CFA value[n-1,0]

1
byte
CFA value[0,1]

:
:
:

1
byte
CFA value[n-1,m-1]

The relation of filter color to CFA value is shown below.

Filter Color
Red
Green
Blue
Cyan
Magenta
Yellow
White

CFA value
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

R
G

G
B

For example, ordinary RGB filter uses the repetition of left chart, the value is '0x0002,0x0002,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x02'.

Tags used by Interoperability IFD

Tag No.
Tag Name
Format
CompoNo
Desc.

0x0001
InteroperabilityIndex
Ascii string
4
If this IFD is main image's IFD and the file content is equivalent to ExifR98 v1.0, the value is "R98". If thumbnail image's, value is "THM".

0x0002
InteroperabilityVersion
Undefined
4
Records the interoperability version. "0100" means version 1.00.

0x1000
RelatedImageFileFormat
Ascii string
any
Records the file format of image file. Value is ascii string (e.g. "Exif JPEG Ver. 2.1").

0x1001
RelatedImageWidth
Short or Long
1
Records the image size.

0x1001
RelatedImageLength
Short or Long
1

Tags used by IFD1 (thumbnail image)

Tag No.
Tag Name
Format
CompoNo
Desc.

0x0100
ImageWidth
unsigned short/long
1
Shows size of thumbnail image.

0x0101
ImageLength
unsigned short/long
1

0x0102
BitsPerSample
unsigned short
3
When image format is no compression, this value shows the number of bits per component for each pixel. Usually this value is '8,8,8'

0x0103
Compression
unsigned short
1
Shows compression method. '1' means no compression, '6' means JPEG compression.

0x0106
PhotometricInterpretation
unsigned short
1
Shows the color space of the image data components. '1' means monochrome, '2' means RGB, '6' means YCbCr.

0x0111
StripOffsets
unsigned short/long

When image format is no compression, this value shows offset to image data. In some case image data is striped and this value is plural.

0x0115
SamplesPerPixel
unsigned short
1
When image format is no compression, this value shows the number of components stored for each pixel. At color image, this value is '3'.

0x0116
RowsPerStrip
unsigned short/long
1
When image format is no compression and image has stored as strip, this value shows how many rows stored to each strip. If image has not striped, this value is the same as ImageLength(0x0101).

0x0117
StripByteConunts
unsigned short/long

When image format is no compression and stored as strip, this value shows how many bytes used for each strip and this value is plural. If image has not stripped, this value is single and means whole data size of image.

0x011a
XResolution
unsigned rational
1
Display/Print resolution of image. Large number of digicam uses 1/72inch, but it has no mean because personal computer doesn't use this value to display/print out.

0x011b
YResolution
unsigned rational
1

0x011c
PlanarConfiguration
unsigned short
1
When image format is no compression YCbCr, this value shows byte aligns of YCbCr data. If value is '1', Y/Cb/Cr value is chunky format, contiguous for each subsampling pixel. If value is '2', Y/Cb/Cr value is separated and stored to Y plane/Cb plane/Cr plane format.

0x0128
ResolutionUnit
unsigned short
1
Unit of XResolution(0x011a)/YResolution(0x011b). '1' means inch, '2' means centimeter.

0x0201
JpegIFOffset
unsigned long
1
When image format is JPEG, this value show offset to JPEG data stored.

0x0202
JpegIFByteCount
unsigned long
1
When image format is JPEG, this value shows data size of JPEG image.

0x0211
YCbCrCoefficients
unsigned rational
3
When image format is YCbCr, this value shows constants to translate it to RGB format. In usual, '0.299/0.587/0.114' are used.

0x0212
YCbCrSubSampling
unsigned short
2
When image format is YCbCr and uses subsampling(cropping of chroma data, all the digicam do that), this value shows how many chroma data subsampled. First value shows horizontal, next value shows vertical subsample rate.

0x0213
YCbCrPositioning
unsigned short
1
When image format is YCbCr and uses 'Subsampling'(cropping of chroma data, all the digicam do that), this value defines the chroma sample point of subsampled pixel array. '1' means the center of pixel array, '2' means the datum point(0,0).

0x0214
ReferenceBlackWhite
unsigned rational
6
Shows reference value of black point/white point. In case of YCbCr format, first 2 show black/white of Y, next 2 are Cb, last 2 are Cr. In case of RGB format, first 2 show black/white of R, next 2 are G, last 2 are B.

Misc Tags

Tag No.
Tag Name
Format
CompoNo
Desc.

0x00fe
NewSubfileType
unsigned long
1


0x00ff
SubfileType
unsigned short
1


0x012d
TransferFunction
unsigned short
3


0x013b
Artist
ascii string



0x013d
Predictor
unsigned short
1


0x0142
TileWidth
unsigned short
1


0x0143
TileLength
unsigned short
1


0x0144
TileOffsets
unsigned long



0x0145
TileByteCounts
unsigned short



0x014a
SubIFDs
unsigned long



0x015b
JPEGTables
undefined



0x828d
CFARepeatPatternDim
unsigned short
2


0x828e
CFAPattern
unsigned byte



0x828f
BatteryLevel
unsigned rational
1


0x83bb
IPTC/NAA
unsigned long



0x8773
InterColorProfile
undefined



0x8824
SpectralSensitivity
ascii string



0x8825
GPSInfo
unsigned long
1


0x8828
OECF
undefined



0x8829
Interlace
unsigned short
1


0x882a
TimeZoneOffset
signed short
1


0x882b
SelfTimerMode
unsigned short
1


0x920b
FlashEnergy
unsigned rational
1


0x920c
SpatialFrequencyResponse
undefined



0x920d
Noise
undefined



0x9211
ImageNumber
unsigned long

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